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S A Maksimov1, D P Cygankova

  • 1Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. fake@neicon.ru.

Kardiologiia
|February 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Alcohol consumption patterns influence cardiovascular risk factors and ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk differently in men and women. Moderate drinking may lower IHD risk in women, while heavy drinking increases it for both sexes.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of mortality globally.
  • Understanding the impact of lifestyle factors, such as alcohol consumption, on cardiovascular health is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • The Siberian region presents unique demographic and lifestyle characteristics that may influence cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between alcohol consumption patterns and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.
  • To assess the population risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in relation to alcohol intake in the Kemerovo Region, Siberia.
  • To elucidate gender-specific relationships between alcohol consumption, risk factors, and IHD risk.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter epidemiological study (Epidemiology of CardioVascular Diseases in the regions of the Russian Federation - ESSE-RF) was conducted in the Kemerovo region in 2013.
  • Data from 1628 individuals (aged 25-64) on alcohol consumption (frequency, volume, type) and cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed.
  • Population risk of IHD was calculated using an original methodology, considering risk factor prevalence and their contribution to IHD development.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in risk factor prevalence were observed between non-drinkers and drinkers across various consumption levels.
  • In men, increased alcohol consumption correlated with a higher population risk of IHD, showing a near-linear relationship.
  • Women exhibited a J-shaped risk curve; non-drinkers and heavy drinkers had higher IHD risk, while moderate consumers showed a reduced risk.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between alcohol consumption, risk factors, and IHD risk differs significantly between men and women.
  • Men show a predominantly linear association between alcohol intake and IHD risk, escalating with heavy consumption.
  • Women display a J-shaped risk pattern, with elevated IHD risk in abstainers and heavy drinkers, and reduced risk in moderate consumers.

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