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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Ammonia Synthesis at Low Pressure
Published on: August 23, 2017
Long-term operation and autotrophic nitrogen conversion process analysis in a biofilter that simultaneously removes
Hang Yang1, Dong Li2, Huiping Zeng2
1State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
Abstract:
One lab-scale biofilter that simultaneously removes Fe, Mn and ammonia from 4 °C groundwater was established to investigate the nitrogen conversion process. The results showed that 333 days were needed to achieve the required standards for Fe, Mn and ammonia under a filtration rate of 3 m/h. Effluent nitrite concentration was the key factor determining the final operation parameters. Both nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) contributed to nitrogen conversion. The calculation results demonstrated that autotrophic nitrogen removal proportion was about 15.92% in steady operation period. Meanwhile, 7 genera of Mn oxidizing bacteria (MnOB) were detected; Candidatus Brocadia was the only detected ANAMMOX genera. The corresponding functional oxidizing bacteria could be acclimated sufficiently in biofilter treating low-temperature groundwater.
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