Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Coordination of Gene Expression Processes in Bacteria01:29

Coordination of Gene Expression Processes in Bacteria

653
The DNA replication, transcription, and translation processes are intricately coupled in bacteria, allowing efficient gene expression and rapid protein synthesis. While this physical and functional coordination is advantageous, it introduces challenges that bacteria overcome through specific regulatory mechanisms.Coupling of Replication, Transcription, and TranslationThe coupling of replication, transcription, and translation is a hallmark of bacterial gene expression. As the replisome unwinds...
653
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition02:11

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

47.3K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
47.3K
Oxidation Numbers03:14

Oxidation Numbers

42.5K
In redox reactions, the transfer of electrons occurs between reacting species. Electron transfer is described by a hypothetical number called the oxidation number (or oxidation state). It represents the effective charge of an atom or element, which is assigned using a set of rules.
42.5K
Pyruvate Oxidation01:15

Pyruvate Oxidation

168.8K
After glycolysis, the charged pyruvate molecules enter the mitochondria via active transport and undergo three enzymatic reactions. These reactions ensure that pyruvate can enter the next metabolic pathway so that energy stored in the pyruvate molecules can be harnessed by the cells.
First, the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase removes the carboxyl group from pyruvate and releases it as carbon dioxide. The stripped molecule is then oxidized and releases electrons, which are then picked up by NAD+...
168.8K
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions03:11

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

75.6K
Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
75.6K
Preparation of Amines: Alkylation of Ammonia and Amines01:30

Preparation of Amines: Alkylation of Ammonia and Amines

4.7K
Alkylation is one of the methods used to prepare amines. Direct alkylation of ammonia or a primary amine with an alkyl halide gives polyalkylated amines along with a quaternary ammonium salt through successive SN2 reactions. This process of making the quaternary salt through the direct alkylation method is called exhaustive alkylation.
Each alkylation step makes the nitrogen center more nucleophilic, which triggers successive alkylations until a quaternary ammonium salt is formed. Considering...
4.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Expanded protocadherin-1 usage reveals a broader hantavirus entry landscape.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Finding the Goldilocks zone: Modulating glycoprotein cleavage and fusogenicity optimizes the efficacy of a candidate Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus vaccine.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

High-yield microbial lipid synthesis through organic waste co-fermentation guided by reverse carbon and nitrogen regulation: Optical photothermal infrared and transcriptomic insights.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis using low-dose and ultra-low-dose valganciclovir for patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study.

The Journal of international medical research·2026
Same author

Powassan Virus Seroprevalence in a U.S. Servicemember Population at High Risk for Tick Exposure.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Acalabrutinib Versus Venetoclax Plus Obinutuzumab in Treatment-Naive Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Real-World Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Cancer medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Ammonia Synthesis at Low Pressure
08:14

Ammonia Synthesis at Low Pressure

Published on: August 23, 2017

27.3K

Bioaugmented methanol production using ammonia oxidizing bacteria in a continuous flow process.

Yu-Chen Su1, Sandeep Sathyamoorthy1, Kartik Chandran1

  • 1Columbia University, Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, 500 West 120th Street, Room 1045 Mudd Hall, New York, NY 10027, United States.

Bioresource Technology
|February 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Wastewater treatment plants can now produce biomethanol from methane using nitrifying sludge. This novel process enhances denitrification and reduces greenhouse gas emissions by utilizing biogas effectively.

Keywords:
Ammonia oxidizing bacteriaMethanolResource recovery

More Related Videos

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example
09:56

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example

Published on: November 18, 2015

10.3K
Author Spotlight: Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality
05:45

Author Spotlight: Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality

Published on: April 7, 2023

4.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Ammonia Synthesis at Low Pressure
08:14

Ammonia Synthesis at Low Pressure

Published on: August 23, 2017

27.3K
Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example
09:56

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example

Published on: November 18, 2015

10.3K
Author Spotlight: Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality
05:45

Author Spotlight: Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality

Published on: April 7, 2023

4.3K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Methanol is crucial for denitrification in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs).
  • Methane, a byproduct of anaerobic digestion in WWTPs, is often flared, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Current methods for methanol acquisition are often external and costly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a continuous process for in-situ methanol production from methane using nitrifying activated sludge.
  • To investigate the efficiency of methanol production using different electron donors (hydroxylamine and ammonia) and hydraulic retention times (HRTs).
  • To explore the potential for enhancing WWTP efficiency and minimizing biogas flaring.

Main Methods:

  • A continuous-flow system was designed utilizing nitrifying activated sludge.
  • Methanol production rates were measured using hydroxylamine and ammonia as electron donors.
  • Experiments were conducted at varying hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 7.5h and 2h.

Main Results:

  • The maximum specific methanol production rate using hydroxylamine was 1.61 ± 0.15 mg-COD-CH3OH/(mg-COD-AOB*d) at a 7.5h HRT.
  • A production rate of 1.27 ± 0.15 mg-COD-CH3OH/(mg-COD-AOB*d) was achieved with hydroxylamine at a 2h HRT.
  • Using ammonia as an electron donor yielded a production rate of 0.31 ± 0.08 mg-COD-CH3OH/(mg-COD-AOB*d) at a 2h HRT.

Conclusions:

  • Nitrifier-mediated methanol production is feasible in a continuous-flow system.
  • This process offers a dual benefit of producing biomethanol for internal denitrification and reducing methane flaring.
  • The developed process can enhance WWTP efficiency and contribute to environmental sustainability.