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Assessing Cognitive Abilities in High-Performing Cochlear Implant Users.

Jake Hillyer1, Elizabeth Elkins2, Chantel Hazlewood2

  • 1School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|February 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

For high-performing cochlear implant (CI) users, visual working memory (VWM) tests better predict speech perception than auditory-visual tests. Self-reported benefit also correlated with speech understanding, suggesting visual assessment aids cognitive evaluation in CI recipients.

Keywords:
clinical outcomecochlear implantcognitive skillsspeech perceptionworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Auditory Prosthetics
  • Cognitive Psychology and Neurorehabilitation

Background:

  • Cochlear implants (CIs) offer variable speech perception outcomes despite being advanced neural prostheses.
  • Cognitive skills influence complex auditory processing, yet standardized cognitive assessments for CI users are lacking.
  • Understanding the relationship between cognitive abilities and speech perception in CI users is crucial for optimizing rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of presentation modality (auditory-visual vs. visual) on working memory test performance in high-performing CI users.
  • To measure processing speed, cognitive efficiency, and intelligence quotient (IQ) in this population.
  • To correlate cognitive performance with clinical speech perception outcomes and self-reported benefit.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-one post-lingually deafened, high-performing adult CI users (age 52-88) with ≥60% AzBio sentence scores were recruited.
  • A cognitive test battery assessed auditory-visual working memory (AVWM), visual working memory (VWM), processing speed, cognitive efficiency, and IQ.
  • Speech perception (AzBio sentences) was measured in first-ear CI-only and best-aided conditions; self-reported benefit was assessed using GBI and NCIQ.

Main Results:

  • High-performing CI users showed significantly better visual working memory (VWM) recall compared to auditory-visual working memory (AVWM).
  • VWM performance positively correlated with AzBio scores in the first-ear CI-only condition.
  • AVWM, processing speed, cognitive efficiency, and IQ did not correlate with either speech perception measure; self-reported benefit (GBI) predicted best-aided performance.

Conclusions:

  • Visual presentation of working memory tests may offer a more sensitive assessment of cognitive function in high-performing CI recipients.
  • Visual working memory appears more directly related to unaided CI speech perception than auditory-visual working memory.
  • Self-reported benefit is a significant predictor of overall speech perception performance in CI users.