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A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats
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A Bidirectional Neuromodulation Technology for Nerve Recording and Stimulation.

Jian Xu1, Hongsun Guo2, Anh Tuan Nguyen3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. xuxx1268@umn.edu.

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Summary

A novel bidirectional neuromodulation system-on-chip enables simultaneous nerve recording and stimulation. This breakthrough technology offers a new solution for treating neurological diseases by precisely monitoring and modulating nerve activity.

Keywords:
bidirectionalclosed-loopneuromodulationprecision medicinesciatic nervesystem-on-chipvagus nerve

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Neuromodulation technologies are crucial for treating neurological disorders.
  • Current systems lack simultaneous nerve recording and stimulation capabilities.
  • This limitation hinders effective monitoring and modulation of neural activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel bidirectional neuromodulation system-on-chip (SoC).
  • To enable simultaneous electrical recording and stimulation on the same nerve.
  • To advance treatment options for neurological diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a system-on-chip integrating a neural recorder and neural stimulator.
  • Incorporated frequency-shaping for neural recording and charge balancing for stimulation.
  • Developed auxiliary circuits for power management and USB data transmission.
  • Employed noise reduction techniques for sub-10 μV nerve activity sensing.

Main Results:

  • Fabricated the SoC using 0.18 μm high-voltage Bipolar CMOS DMOS (BCD) process.
  • Demonstrated reliable and simultaneous electrical stimulation and recording on the same nerve in animal experiments.
  • Achieved low input noise for sensitive neural activity detection.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed bidirectional neuromodulation SoC successfully integrates recording and stimulation functions.
  • This technology provides a significant advancement for neural interface applications.
  • It holds promise for improved diagnosis and treatment of neurological conditions.