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Virtual Reality Angiogram vs 3-Dimensional Printed Angiogram as an Educational tool-A Comparative Study.

David Bairamian1, Shinuo Liu1,2, Behzad Eftekhar1,2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Nepean Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Neurosurgery
|February 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Virtual reality (VR) angiograms offer superior resolution and educational potential for neurosurgical training compared to 3D printed models. VR models are a viable alternative for complex cerebrovascular anatomy and preoperative planning.

Keywords:
3D printingAngiogramCerebral aneurysmNeurosurgical educationSmartphone appVirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Education
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) visualization aids preoperative surgical planning for neurovascular structures.
  • 3D printed models and virtual reality (VR) devices enhance stereovision for aneurysm surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Compare the practicality and potential of 3D printed versus VR models in neurosurgical education.
  • Evaluate VR and 3D printed models for training and preoperative planning.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and tested a VR smartphone app for VR angiograms.
  • Ten neurosurgical trainees engaged in interactive exercises with 3D printed and VR models.
  • A neurosurgeon completed 15 VR angiogram manipulation exercises to assess the learning curve.

Main Results:

  • VR angiograms demonstrated statistically significant advantages in zoom capability, resolution, ease of manipulation, durability, and educational potential over 3D printed models.
  • VR models achieved higher overall questionnaire scores.
  • 3D printed models showed an advantage in depth perception and ease of manipulation.

Conclusions:

  • VR angiograms are a viable alternative to 3D printed models for neurosurgical training and preoperative planning, especially for complex cerebrovascular anatomy requiring stereoscopic depth perception.
  • Immersive virtual environments offer excellent resolution and zoom capabilities, presenting an untapped educational tool.