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Further empirical data for torsion on bowed strings.

Robert Mores1

  • 1Faculty of Design, Media, and Information, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany.

Plos One
|February 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Torsional waves in bowed string motion, previously overlooked, are crucial for cello vibrations. This study confirms their role in string release and challenges existing theories like Schelleng ripples.

Area of Science:

  • * Music Acoustics
  • * Physics of Musical Instruments

Background:

  • * Traditional research on bowed string motion primarily investigates transverse waves.
  • * Torsional waves have been considered to have a minor role in vibration stabilization and no role in perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the role and characteristics of torsional waves in cello string motion.
  • * To analyze the coupling between transverse and torsional waves.
  • * To re-evaluate existing theories on bowed string dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • * Measurement of torsional motion on both sides of the bow contact point on a cello string.
  • * Variation of bridge-bow distances.
  • * Analysis of periodic string releases and associated torsional wave behavior.

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Main Results:

  • * A reverse torsional motion consistently precedes every periodic string release, irrespective of bowing position or dynamics.
  • * Transverse and torsional motions are coupled, exhibiting both stabilizing and perturbing effects.
  • * Torsional wave analysis supports the concept of differential slipping but questions Schelleng ripples and subharmonics.

Conclusions:

  • * Torsional waves play a significant, previously underestimated role in bowed string dynamics.
  • * The findings necessitate a revision of current models of bowed string motion.
  • * Further research is needed to fully understand the implications for musical perception and instrument design.