Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

8.4K
Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...
8.4K
Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

8.8K
Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
8.8K
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2.5K
Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
2.5K
Mass Spectrometry of Amines01:15

Mass Spectrometry of Amines

5.4K
In mass spectroscopy, amines undergo fragmentation to give parent ions with odd molecule weights. This observed mass spectrum follows the nitrogen rule; a molecule with an odd number of nitrogen atoms produces a molecular ion with an odd molecular weight. Amines undergo fragmentation through α cleavage, producing nitrogen-containing cations—iminium ions—and alkyl radicals. Mass spectra of aromatic and cyclic aliphatic amines exhibit strong molecular ion peaks, but acyclic...
5.4K
Mass Spectrometry: Isotope Effect01:13

Mass Spectrometry: Isotope Effect

4.3K
Most elements exist in nature as a mixture of isotopes. The isotopes differ in weight due to their respective number of neutrons. The molecular weight of a molecule is different depending on the specific isotope of its elements involved. As a result, the mass spectrum of the molecule exhibits peaks from the same fragment at multiple positions. The positions of these mass signals depend on the mass differences between isotopes. Furthermore, the intensity of these signals is dependent on the...
4.3K
Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry01:21

Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry

1.5K
The molecular ion peak of a molecule in the mass spectrum provides vital information for molecular identification. However, conventional electron impact ionization can lead to the rapid dissociation of some molecular ions before they reach the detector. A milder ionization method is required to increase the lifetime of such ionized analyte molecules. Chemical ionization (CI) is a gas-phase protonation reaction useful for mass-analyzing analyte molecules that are easily protonated to yield the...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Assessment of three antiviral compounds against Borealpox virus infection in a mouse model.

Emerging microbes & infections·2026
Same author

Inhibitory effects of molnupiravir on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus polymerase.

NAR molecular medicine·2026
Same author

Progressive multifocal diffusion-weighted imaging hyperintensities in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with positive cerebrospinal fluid real-time quaking-induced conversion: a case report.

Journal of medical case reports·2025
Same author

Age- and sex-associated differences in Lujo hemorrhagic fever pathogenesis in strain 13/N guinea pigs.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases·2025
Same author

Intranasal vaccine induces broad and long-lasting immunity against the hemagglutinin stem of group 2 influenza A viruses.

Antiviral research·2025
Same author

High genomic stability of Andes virus following successive passage <i>in vivo</i> in Syrian hamsters.

Journal of virology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Sample Preparation for Mass Spectrometry-based Identification of RNA-binding Regions
10:52

Sample Preparation for Mass Spectrometry-based Identification of RNA-binding Regions

Published on: September 28, 2017

8.6K

Mass spectrometry-based Shiga toxin identification: A clinical validation.

Lijie Zhang1, Lu Zhang2, Yanhua Du2

  • 1The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, PR China; National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Journal of Proteomics
|February 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study refines Shiga toxin (Stx) identification using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). It confirms mitomycin C or ciprofloxacin can induce Stx2 production in E. coli for accurate detection.

Keywords:
Affinity purificationClinical validationLC-MS/MSMass spectrometryShiga toxin identification

More Related Videos

Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry
10:54

Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry

Published on: November 21, 2025

629
Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Peptidoglycan by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and Bioinformatics
09:09

Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Peptidoglycan by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and Bioinformatics

Published on: October 13, 2020

5.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Sample Preparation for Mass Spectrometry-based Identification of RNA-binding Regions
10:52

Sample Preparation for Mass Spectrometry-based Identification of RNA-binding Regions

Published on: September 28, 2017

8.6K
Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry
10:54

Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry

Published on: November 21, 2025

629
Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Peptidoglycan by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and Bioinformatics
09:09

Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Peptidoglycan by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and Bioinformatics

Published on: October 13, 2020

5.1K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Shiga toxins (Stxs) are critical virulence factors in E. coli, causing severe foodborne illnesses.
  • Previous work established LC-MS/MS and E. coli toxin databases for Stx identification.
  • Further method refinement and testing on clinical isolates were needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize the induction and identification of E. coli Shiga toxins (Stxs) from clinical isolates.
  • To compare the efficacy of mitomycin C (MMC) and ciprofloxacin (CF) in stimulating Stx production.
  • To validate LC-MS/MS for rapid and accurate Stx identification.

Main Methods:

  • Testing varying concentrations of MMC and CF on reference and clinical E. coli strains.
  • Utilizing receptor analogue-based affinity enrichment for Stx capture.
  • Employing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for toxin identification.

Main Results:

  • Both MMC and CF effectively stimulated Stx production, with efficacy dependent on concentration.
  • The majority of stx2-positive E. coli strains produced sufficient toxin for confident LC-MS/MS identification after induction.
  • Stx1-positive strains showed less consistent induction compared to Stx2-positive strains.

Conclusions:

  • Mitomycin C and ciprofloxacin are effective agents for inducing Stx production in E. coli.
  • LC-MS/MS combined with affinity enrichment provides a robust method for identifying Stx2 in clinical isolates.
  • The method is particularly valuable for the rapid detection of Stx2, a key factor in severe E. coli infections.