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Mental illness stigma among Pacific Islanders.

Andrew M Subica1, Nia Aitaoto2, J Greer Sullivan3

  • 1University of California, Center for Healthy Communities, Riverside Department of Social Medicine, Population, & Public Health, School of Medicine, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

Psychiatry Research
|February 5, 2019
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Summary

Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders (NHPI) exhibit higher mental illness stigma, hindering their help-seeking behaviors. Culturally tailored interventions are crucial to address these attitudes and promote mental healthcare access for NHPI communities.

Keywords:
DiscriminationGeneral Social SurveyMental health help-seekingStigma context

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Mental Health Disparities
  • Sociology of Health

Background:

  • Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders (NHPI) demonstrate low rates of mental health treatment utilization.
  • The underlying reasons for this disparity, particularly the role of mental illness stigma, remain poorly understood.
  • Existing national stigma data may not accurately reflect the unique cultural contexts within NHPI communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific mental illness stigma experienced within NHPI communities.
  • To compare stigma levels and perceptions between NHPI populations and the general U.S. public.
  • To identify stigma-related barriers that may contribute to low mental health help-seeking among NHPI individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Novel stigma data collected from 222 community-dwelling NHPI participants in two U.S. communities (October 2017 - January 2018).
  • Utilized well-established vignettes depicting major depression and schizophrenia to assess stigma.
  • Compared NHPI survey data with national stigma data from the 2006 General Social Survey (U.S. public comparison).

Main Results:

  • NHPI participants reported significantly greater mental illness stigma compared to the U.S. general public.
  • NHPI individuals were more likely to attribute mental illness to stigmatizing causes and less likely to perceive disorders as serious.
  • A higher desire for social distance from individuals with depression was observed in the NHPI group, indicating a strong stigmatizing context.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence of a pervasive stigmatizing context within NHPI communities that likely impedes mental health help-seeking.
  • Findings underscore the need for culturally sensitive approaches to mental healthcare.
  • Culturally tailored anti-stigma interventions are recommended to effectively address NHPI mental health attitudes and promote treatment engagement.