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Related Concept Videos

Sign Convention01:30

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When analyzing a beam subjected to various loads, it is crucial to understand the internal forces and moments generated within the structure. These internal forces can be broadly classified into normal forces, shear forces, and bending moments. To determine these forces and moments, we use the method of sections and apply a specific sign convention based on their direction and the side of the section being analyzed.
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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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When a carbonyl compound is treated with a strong base, the α position gets deprotonated to give a resonance-stabilized intermediate called an enolate. Enolates are ambident nucleophiles because they possess two nucleophilic sites that can attack an electrophile owing to the delocalization of the negative charge between the α carbon and oxygen atoms. When the oxygen atom attacks an electrophile, it is called O-attack, whereas electrophilic attack via the α carbon is known as...
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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Conventional Robotic Endoscopic Thyroidectomy for Thyroid Cancer.

Meghan E Garstka1, Ehab S Alameer1, Saad Al Awwad1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-22, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|February 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Robotic endoscopic thyroidectomy utilization is increasing, but lower-volume centers face higher complication rates. More surgeon training and large studies are needed to improve safety and identify optimal candidates for robotic thyroid cancer treatment.

Keywords:
ConventionalRobotic endoscopic thyroidectomyThyroid cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Oncology
  • Robotic Surgery
  • Endoscopic Procedures

Background:

  • Robotic endoscopic remote access techniques are increasingly discussed in medical literature, particularly for thyroid cancer treatment.
  • A significant portion of robotic thyroidectomies in the U.S. are performed at lower-volume centers.
  • Recent utilization patterns show an increase in robotic thyroidectomies, even in centers with less experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in robotic endoscopic thyroidectomy utilization.
  • To investigate the relationship between center volume, utilization, and complication rates.
  • To emphasize the need for improved surgeon training and further research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of utilization patterns.
  • Examination of data from lower-volume centers performing robotic thyroidectomies.
  • Discussion of complication rates associated with these procedures.

Main Results:

  • Lower-volume centers are performing the majority of robotic thyroidectomies in the United States.
  • Increased utilization of robotic thyroidectomy is observed, despite higher complication rates at these centers.
  • Current trends indicate a need for enhanced surgeon experience.

Conclusions:

  • Improved surgeon exposure and experience with robotic endoscopic techniques are crucial for enhancing procedure safety.
  • Further large-volume, multicenter studies are required to identify patient populations who would most benefit from these procedures for thyroid cancer.
  • The findings underscore the importance of specialized training and evidence-based guidelines for robotic thyroid cancer surgery.