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Construct and correlates of basic motor competencies in primary school-aged children.

Christian Herrmann1, Christopher Heim2, Harald Seelig1

  • 1Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel 4052, Switzerland.

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|February 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The MOBAK-1 test effectively assesses children's basic motor competencies, revealing that strength influences both locomotion and object control. Age and sex impact performance, with higher BMI correlating with lower locomotion skills.

Keywords:
BMIFactorial validityGross motor skillsLocomotionMeasurementObject controlPhysical educationStrength

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Physical Education
  • Motor Development
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Physical education aims to foster basic motor competencies (MOBAK) for active participation in sports culture.
  • The MOBAK-1 test instrument is introduced for assessing 6- to 8-year-old children's motor skills.
  • This study validates the MOBAK-1 and explores its relationship with strength, BMI, sex, and age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and establish the construct validity of the MOBAK-1 test instrument.
  • To investigate the influence of motor ability (strength), body mass index (BMI), sex, and age on basic motor competencies.
  • To provide a psychometrically sound tool for evaluating physical education and sports interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 923 first and second graders (6.80 ± 0.44 years).
  • Assessment of basic motor competencies using the MOBAK-1 test instrument.
  • Application of frequency, correlation, variance analyses, and confirmatory factor analyses with covariates.

Main Results:

  • Two MOBAK factors identified: locomotion (balancing, rolling, jumping, side stepping) and object control (throwing, catching, bouncing, dribbling).
  • Strength significantly influenced both locomotion (β=0.60) and object control (β=0.50).
  • Older children, boys (object control), and girls (locomotion) showed distinct performance patterns. Higher BMI negatively impacted locomotion (β=-0.28).

Conclusions:

  • The MOBAK-1 test demonstrates psychometric validity and is suitable for evaluating physical education outcomes.
  • The findings highlight the differential impact of strength, age, sex, and BMI on fundamental motor skills.
  • MOBAK-1 serves as a valuable tool for assessing children's motor development in educational and sports contexts.