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Hand Assessment for Infants: normative reference values

Linda Ek1, Ann-Christin Eliasson1, Elisa Sicola2

  • 1Neuropaediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|February 6, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Normative reference values for the Hand Assessment for Infants (HAI) are now available. These values help identify atypical hand use in infants at risk of cerebral palsy (CP).

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Early identification of developmental differences in infants is crucial for timely intervention.
  • Assessing hand use in infants at risk of cerebral palsy (CP) can provide insights into neurological development.
  • The Hand Assessment for Infants (HAI) is a new tool designed to measure hand function in infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish normative reference values for unilateral and bilateral hand use in infants using the HAI.
  • To create growth and skill acquisition curves for hand use in typically developing infants.
  • To provide a benchmark for identifying deviations in hand use in infants at risk of CP.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 489 HAI assessments from typically developing infants aged 3-10 months in Italy and Sweden.
  • Developed normative growth curves (mean and SD) and skill acquisition curves for HAI items.
  • Investigated correlations with age and differences based on sex, nationality, and hand dominance.

Main Results:

  • Normative growth curves demonstrated a steady increase in mean hand use values and a decrease in standard deviation with age.
  • No significant differences in hand use were found between sexes or nationalities.
  • A negligible mean difference (0.1 raw score) was observed between right and left hand use.

Conclusions:

  • Normative HAI reference values are now available to aid in identifying atypical hand use in infants at risk of CP.
  • Skill acquisition curves indicate the typical age of mastery for HAI items.
  • Typically developing infants generally do not exhibit asymmetry in hand use.
Abstract

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