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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Detection of Mitochondria Membrane Potential to Study CLIC4 Knockdown-induced HN4 Cell Apoptosis In Vitro
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PGAM1 knockdown is associated with busulfan‑induced hypospermatogenesis and spermatogenic cell apoptosis

Yuanshu Zhao1, Shoubo Zhang2

  • 1Functional Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China.

Molecular Medicine Reports
|February 6, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) downregulation is linked to busulfan-induced hypospermatogenesis and promotes spermatogenic cell apoptosis via the P53/Caspase pathway.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) has been implicated in spermatogenic dysfunction.
  • The specific role of PGAM1 in busulfan-induced hypospermatogenesis and spermatogenic cell apoptosis is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between PGAM1 expression and busulfan-induced hypospermatogenesis.
  • To determine the effect of PGAM1 expression on spermatogenic cell apoptosis and its underlying mechanism.

Main Methods:

  • PGAM1 expression was analyzed using western blotting, RT-qPCR, and immunohistochemistry in busulfan-treated mice.
  • Spermatogenic cell apoptosis was assessed via TUNEL assay.
  • In vitro studies examined the impact of PGAM1 knockdown on spermatogenic cells.

Main Results:

  • PGAM1 expression was significantly downregulated in mice with busulfan-induced hypospermatogenesis.
  • Busulfan treatment accelerated spermatogenic cell apoptosis.
  • PGAM1 knockdown in vitro promoted spermatogenic cell apoptosis, linked to the P53/Caspase 3/6/9 signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

  • PGAM1 knockdown is associated with busulfan-induced hypospermatogenesis.
  • PGAM1 downregulation contributes to spermatogenic cell apoptosis by regulating the P53/Caspase 3/Caspase 6/Caspase 9 signaling pathway.

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