[Low Anterior Resection Syndrome - Diagnosis - Therapy - Prophylaxis].

Area of Science:

• Colorectal Surgery
• Oncology
• Quality of Life Research

Background:

• Rectal cancer surgery survival rates have improved significantly.
• Postoperative quality of life is a growing concern for patients.
• Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a common functional disorder after rectal resection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To define Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS).
• To understand the pathophysiology, diagnosis, therapy, and prophylaxis of LARS.
• To review current management strategies for LARS.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review.
• Analysis of pathogenetic factors for LARS.
• Identification of therapeutic and prophylactic interventions.

Main Results:

• LARS affects up to 80% of patients undergoing stoma-sparing rectal cancer surgery.
• Rectal remnant capacity and nerve damage are key pathogenetic factors.
• Pelvic floor rehabilitation, biofeedback, and sacral nerve stimulation are potential treatments.

Conclusions:

• Various therapeutic approaches can mitigate LARS consequences.
• Continued research is essential to enhance both survival and quality of life post-rectal cancer treatment.