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Related Experiment Videos

Structural connectivity centrality changes mark the path toward Alzheimer's disease.

Luis R Peraza1, Antonio Díaz-Parra2, Oliver Kennion3

  • 1Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|February 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

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Early Alzheimer's disease detection is possible using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) centrality measures. These brain imaging techniques identify structural changes years before clinical symptoms appear, aiding in early diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology begins years before clinical symptoms manifest.
  • Evidence suggests a prion-like spread of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques in AD.
  • Early detection is crucial for timely intervention and management of AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify early structural changes associated with Alzheimer's disease using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI).
  • To develop a predictive model for estimating the earliest detectable stage of dementia.
  • To assess the utility of dMRI-based centrality measures for early AD detection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database.
Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseComputational modelingDiffusion MRIMachine learningNetwork centralityStructural brain connectivity

Related Experiment Videos

  • Identified key features for dementia diagnosis using centrality measures (strength, closeness).
  • Developed dynamic models with the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample database to simulate disease progression and estimate early detection stages.

    • Main Results:

    • Centrality measures, particularly strength and closeness, proved highly discriminative for dementia diagnosis.
    • These discriminative features were linked to medial temporal lobe, subcortical, posterior, and occipital brain regions.
    • Model simulations indicated that structural changes associated with dementia manifest early in the disease process.

    Conclusions:

    • Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI)-based centrality measures show promise as a tool for early Alzheimer's disease detection.
    • These neuroimaging biomarkers can identify individuals at preclinical stages, before overt clinical dementia onset.
    • This approach could facilitate earlier therapeutic interventions and improve patient outcomes.