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Spirometry reference values for Black adults in Brazil.

Tarciane Aline Prata1, Eliane Mancuzo2,3, Carlos Alberto de Castro Pereira4

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New spirometry reference equations for Black adults in Brazil show significantly lower predicted values for FVC and FEV1 compared to White adults. These findings support the need for race-specific equations in pulmonary function testing.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Clinical Epidemiology

Background:

  • Spirometry is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring respiratory diseases.
  • Existing spirometry reference equations in Brazil were primarily based on White adult populations.
  • Potential ethnic variations in lung function necessitate population-specific reference values.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish new reference equations for spirometry in healthy Black adult never-smokers in Brazil.
  • To compare these new equations with existing 2007 equations for White adults in Brazil.
  • To assess the need for race-specific spirometry reference values.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted spirometry following Brazilian Thoracic Association and ATS/ERS guidelines.
  • Utilized flow spirometers meeting technical requirements.
  • Defined lower limits using the 5th percentile of residuals.

Main Results:

  • Derived reference equations and limits from 120 men and 124 women across eight Brazilian cities.
  • Found linear equations best described FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, and PEF; logarithmic equations best described flows.
  • Observed significantly lower FEV1 and FVC reference values in Black adults compared to White adults.

Conclusions:

  • The derived spirometry values for Black adults in Brazil are lower than those for White adults.
  • This significant difference justifies the development and use of specific spirometry reference equations for the Black population in Brazil.
  • Implementing race-specific equations can improve the accuracy of respiratory disease assessment in diverse populations.