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Cardiometabolic diseases like hypertension and diabetes are highly prevalent, increasing over time in the São Paulo SABE study. Elevated BMI is linked to higher risks, suggesting adiposity contributes to these conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiometabolic diseases are a leading cause of mortality globally.
  • The Health, Well-being and Aging (SABE) study in São Paulo tracks health trends in an aging population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the self-reported prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) across three waves (2000, 2006, 2010) of the SABE study.
  • To analyze the associations between these cardiometabolic diseases and selected risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • The study utilized logistic regression models to analyze self-reported health data.
  • Prevalence rates and associations with risk factors were assessed across three distinct study waves.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of hypertension, DM, and CVD generally increased from 2000 to 2010, with CVD rates stabilizing post-2006.
  • Women, individuals with a Body Mass Index (BMI) > 27 kg/m², and ex-smokers showed consistently higher risks for hypertension.
  • Elevated BMI was associated with higher DM probability, while ex-smokers had increased risks for CVD across all waves.

Conclusions:

  • Self-reported DM, hypertension, and CVD exhibit high prevalence in the São Paulo SABE study cohort.
  • Elevated body adiposity, indicated by BMI, appears to be a significant risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases.
  • Increasing disease rates may reflect improved diagnostics and mortality control, rather than solely disease incidence.