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Broad host range species in specialised pathogen groups should be treated with suspicion - a case study on Entyloma

J Kruse1,2, M Pia Tek3, M Lutz4

  • 1Department of Biosciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Persoonia
|February 8, 2019
PubMed

Insights

This study reveals that the plant pathogen genus Entyloma, previously thought to have broad host ranges on Ranunculus, actually comprises multiple specialized species. Phylogenetic and morphological analyses identified six new Entyloma species, clarifying their host specificity.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology and Plant Pathology
  • Fungal Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
  • Plant-Microbe Interactions

Background:

  • Smut fungi are classified into Ustilaginomycetes and Exobasidiomycetes, with Entyloma belonging to the latter group and causing leaf spots.
  • The genus Entyloma currently includes 172 species infecting eudicots, with some species reported to have unusually broad host ranges on Ranunculus.
  • This broad host range contradicts the typical high host specificity observed in Entyloma, suggesting potential species complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the taxonomic status of Entyloma species infecting Ranunculus s.lat.
  • To clarify the host specificity of Entyloma species using molecular and morphological data.
  • To identify and describe novel Entyloma species associated with Ranunculus.

Main Methods:

  • Multigene phylogenetic analyses utilizing up to four genetic loci (ITS, atp2, ssc1, and map).
  • Morphological comparisons of fungal specimens.
  • Phylogenetic analyses were performed on Entyloma specimens collected from various Ranunculus hosts.

Main Results:

  • Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated a clear clustering of Entyloma specimens according to their specific host species within the Ranunculus complex.
  • Six novel Entyloma species are described: E. jolantae, E. klenkei, E. kochmanii, E. piepenbringiae, E. savchenkoi, and E. thielii.
  • Entyloma microsporum sensu stricto was neotypified, and several previously unused names were reinstated for specific lineages.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms that Entyloma species infecting Ranunculus exhibit high host specificity, challenging previous assumptions of broad host ranges.
  • The findings highlight the importance of detailed re-investigation of plant pathogens, especially those previously considered generalists.
  • This research contributes to a better understanding of fungal biodiversity and host-pathogen relationships within the Entyloma genus.
Keywords:
Entyloma microsporum complexEntyloma ranunculi-repentis complexhost specificitymultigene analysesnew primerssix new taxasmut fungi

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