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Mining the Core Gut Microbiome from a Sample Indian Population.

Abhijit S Kulkarni1, Shreyas V Kumbhare1, Dhiraj P Dhotre2

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This study identified the core gut microbiome in healthy Indian adults, revealing a distinct microbial fingerprint dominated by Prevotella. This core microbiota is linked to carbohydrate metabolism, offering insights into host-microbe interactions.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Human Gut Microbiome Research
  • Metagenomics

Background:

  • Human gut microbiome studies are expanding to understand prokaryotic contributions to host health.
  • Focus often lies on disease-associated microbial diversity, yet healthy core microbiota offers unique insights.
  • Population-specific microbial fingerprints are crucial for understanding host-microbe interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the core gut microbiome composition in a healthy Indian population.
  • To impute the metabolic functions of this core microbiota.
  • To establish a baseline for population-specific gut microbiome research.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 8990 16S rRNA gene sequences (>900 bp) from fecal samples of 43 healthy individuals.
  • Utilized the QIIME pipeline to compute the core gut microbiota.
  • Employed PICRUSt for functional imputation of the microbiome's metabolic potential.

Main Results:

  • Identified a core gut microbiota characterized by the predominance of the genus *Prevotella*.
  • The core genera identified in the Indian gut were *Prevotella*, *Bacteroides*, *Roseburia*, and *Megasphaera*.
  • Functional imputation suggested a significant potential for carbohydrate metabolism within this core microbiome.

Conclusions:

  • The identified core gut microbiota in healthy Indians has a distinct composition, notably featuring *Prevotella*.
  • This core microbiome possesses a high potential for carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting key functional roles for the host.
  • Understanding population-specific core microbiomes is vital for elucidating host-microbe functional relationships.