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While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Measuring and Altering Mating Drive in Male Drosophila melanogaster
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Searching for the genes driving assortative mating.

Erica L Westerman1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America.

Plos Biology
|February 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Animal coloration and mate preferences are species-specific. Genetic linkage between trait and preference genes is hypothesized, with study findings supporting multiple genetic architectures for assortative mate preference.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Animal Communication

Background:

  • Animals exhibit diverse, species-specific colors and patterns.
  • Assortative mate preference, where individuals choose mates with similar traits, is common.
  • The genetic basis for linked traits and preferences is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic architecture underlying assortative mate preference.
  • To test hypotheses of genetic linkage between mate preference and preferred traits.
  • To identify genomic regions associated with mate preference in Heliconius butterflies.

Main Methods:

  • Large-scale genetic mapping of mating behavior.
  • Utilized hybrids of two sympatric Heliconius butterfly species (H. melpomene and H. cydno).

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  • Analyzed genomic regions associated with mate preference.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified three small genomic regions strongly linked to mate preference.
    • One region was adjacent to a gene for the preferred trait.
    • Two regions were not adjacent to the preferred trait gene, suggesting independent linkage.

    Conclusions:

    • Mate preference can be influenced by a small number of genes.
    • Findings support multiple hypotheses for the genetic architecture of assortative mate preference.
    • Suggests genetic linkage can be achieved through various genomic arrangements.