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Mast cells within cellular networks.

Michael Stassen1, Ann-Kathrin Hartmann1, Sharon Jiménez Delgado2

  • 1Institute for Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|February 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Mast cells bridge innate and adaptive immunity, orchestrating inflammation and allergic responses through interactions with various immune cells and sensory nerves. This communication is crucial in conditions like asthma.

Keywords:
Mast cellsT cellsasthmaeosinophilsmurine cytomegalovirus infectionneurogenic inflammationneutrophilssensory nervessubstance Pvaccination

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroimmunology

Background:

  • Mast cells are key immune cells with diverse activation pathways and mediator release.
  • They act as a central link between innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Mast cells interact with both immune and non-immune cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted role of mast cells in immunity, inflammation, and allergic diseases.
  • To highlight the interactions between mast cells and other cell types, including sensory neurons.
  • To understand the contribution of mast cell-nerve crosstalk to allergic pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on mast cell activation, mediators, and interactions.
  • Analysis of mast cell roles in acute inflammation, adaptive immunity, and allergies.
  • Examination of bidirectional communication between mast cells and sensory nerve fibers.

Main Results:

  • Mast cells orchestrate inflammatory responses and adaptive immunity through interactions with immune cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, T cells, APCs).
  • Bidirectional communication between mast cells and sensory neurons leads to neurogenic inflammation.
  • Mast cell-nerve crosstalk is implicated in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases like asthma.

Conclusions:

  • Mast cells are crucial mediators linking innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Their interactions with immune and neural cells are vital for immune responses and disease pathogenesis.
  • Mast cell-nerve crosstalk represents a significant factor in allergic conditions such as asthma.