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Related Concept Videos

Communication01:03

Communication

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Communication between two animals occurs when one animal transmits an information signal that causes a change in the animal that receives the information. Organisms communicate with one another in a host of different ways. Signals can be auditory, chemical, visual, tactile, or a combination of these. Communication is a critical behavioral adaptation that promotes survival, growth, and reproduction.
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Communication01:28

Communication

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Sharing information, concepts, and emotions to foster mutual understanding is communication. The sender, recipient, and transaction must be considered in this manner. The sender is the person who shares the message, the recipient is the person who receives and understands the message, and the transaction is the method used to deliver the message and the variables that affect the communication's context and surroundings. The nurse-client connection is built on therapeutic communication.
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Neuronal Communication01:28

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Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...
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Therapeutic Communication01:30

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Communication is a lifelong learning process. Through therapeutic communication, nurses can collect relevant assessment data, provide education and counseling, and interact during nursing interventions. Sending and receiving messages occur through verbal and nonverbal communication techniques and can happen separately or simultaneously.
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Barriers to Effective Communication II01:21

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The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
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Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
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Channels of Non-Verbal Communication01:28

Channels of Non-Verbal Communication

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Non-verbal communication plays a critical role in human interaction, influencing how individuals perceive emotions and psychological states. It operates through four primary channels: facial expressions, eye contact, body language, and touch. These non-verbal cues help convey meaning beyond spoken language and are often culturally influenced.Facial Expressions and Emotional RecognitionFacial expressions are among the most powerful and universal forms of non-verbal communication. Research has...
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Spatial full-duplex light communication achieved with a monolithic non-suspended multicomponent system.

Wei Cai, Bingcheng Zhu, Shuai Zhang

    Optics Express
    |February 9, 2019
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    Researchers demonstrated spatial full-duplex light communication using integrated multiple-quantum-well diodes (MQW-diodes). This breakthrough enables simultaneous light transmission and reception on a single chip, paving the way for advanced parallel information processing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Integrated Photonics
    • Free-space Optical Communication

    Background:

    • Multiple-quantum-well diodes (MQW-diodes) exhibit inherent simultaneous light emission and detection capabilities due to spectral overlap.
    • This dual functionality is key for developing full-duplex communication systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate spatial co-time co-frequency full-duplex (CCFD) light communication using a monolithic integrated system.
    • To verify the feasibility of using MQW-diodes for simultaneous transmission and reception in free-space communication.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication and characterization of a monolithic multicomponent system integrating two InGaN waveguide-based MQW-diodes.
    • Implementation of a precise 5-μm air gap for spatial light transmission and coupling.
    • Utilization of a self-interference cancellation scheme to extract superimposed signals.

    Main Results:

    • Successful experimental demonstration of spatial CCFD light communication.
    • Confirmation of simultaneous light-emitting and light-detecting operations within the integrated system.
    • Successful full-duplex audio transmission experiment validating the system's communication capabilities.

    Conclusions:

    • The integrated MQW-diode system effectively achieves spatial CCFD light communication.
    • This technology offers a promising approach for parallel information processing via free space.
    • The simultaneous light-emitting and light-detecting nature of MQW-diodes is crucial for this advancement.