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Generation of a single-cycle pulse using a two-stage compressor and its temporal characterization using a tunnelling

Sung In Hwang1, Seung Beom Park1, Jehoi Mun1

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|February 9, 2019
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Summary

Researchers generated a single-cycle laser pulse, achieving 2.5 fs duration. This breakthrough in ultrafast laser technology enables new possibilities in high-harmonic generation and nonlinear optics.

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Area of Science:

  • Ultrafast Optics
  • Nonlinear Optics
  • Quantum Electronics

Background:

  • Generating ultrashort laser pulses is crucial for studying ultrafast phenomena.
  • Achieving single-cycle pulse durations pushes the boundaries of temporal resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate and characterize a single-cycle laser pulse.
  • To achieve pulse durations approaching the fundamental limit.
  • To demonstrate its application in high-harmonic generation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-stage compressor involving a gas-filled hollow-core fiber and chirped mirrors.
  • Employed fused-silica plates for further pulse compression.
  • Characterized the pulse using tunneling ionization and analyzed high-harmonic generation spectra.

Main Results:

  • Compressed a 25 fs, 800 nm laser pulse to 5.5 fs, and further to 2.5 fs (transform-limited 2.2 fs).
  • Generated a continuum extreme ultraviolet spectrum via high-harmonic generation without temporal gating.
  • Demonstrated carrier-envelope phase dependence of the generated spectrum, confirming single-cycle pulse generation.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully generated a single-cycle laser pulse with a duration of 2.5 fs.
  • The two-stage compression technique effectively mitigates higher-order dispersion.
  • The generated single-cycle pulse drives efficient high-harmonic generation with CEP-dependent spectral features.