Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 29, 2026
08:49
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Graft Viability Assessment Through Quantitative Metrics and Innovative Reservoir Systems
Published on: August 2, 2024
1.3K
Left ventricular vortex and intraventricular pressure difference in dogs under various loading conditions
Katsuhiro Matsuura1, Kenjirou Shiraishi1, Kotomi Sato1
1Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , Tokyo , Japan.
American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|February 9, 2019
Summary
New cardiac imaging techniques show that intraventricular pressure difference and diastolic vorticity are closely related. These novel measures show promise for evaluating diastolic relaxation, even when loading conditions change.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Medical Imaging
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Conventional evaluation of diastolic function faces limitations, particularly with varying loading conditions.
- Noninvasive ventricular vortex indexes are emerging as potential indicators of cardiac function.
- A physiological hypothesis suggests a link between intraventricular pressure difference (IVPD) and vortex formation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between IVPD and ventricular vortex indexes.
- To assess the potential of diastolic vorticity as an index of diastolic relaxation.
- To examine the correlation between diastolic vorticity and the load dependency of vorticity (time constant, τ).
Main Methods:
- Simultaneous measurement of IVPD and vortex indexes in six healthy dogs.
- Utilized transthoracic echocardiography, pressure, and conductance catheter.
- Analyzed vorticity using vector flow mapping (VFM) and determined IVPD using Euler's equation with color M-mode Doppler images.
- Acquired data under baseline, altered afterload (pressure loading), altered preload (volume loading), and altered ventricular relaxation (milrinone administration).
Main Results:
- Peak early diastolic vorticity (E-Vor) and midventricular IVPD (MIVPD) decreased with pressure loading, remained unchanged with volume loading, and increased with milrinone.
- Multivariate analysis identified global longitudinal strain, early diastolic strain rate, and E-Vor as independent predictors of τ.
- MIVPD showed a strong correlation with E-Vor (r=0.84).
Conclusions:
- VFM-derived peak E vorticity is strongly related to IVPD, particularly MIVPD, across diverse loading conditions.
- Both E-Vor and MIVPD show promise as reliable indicators of ventricular relaxation, independent of preload.
- This study establishes a new paradigm for investigating intraventricular flow physiology and clinical diastology.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Stress: General Loading Conditions
565
To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
565
02:57Definition and Measurement of Pressure: Atmospheric Pressure, Barometer, and Manometer
43.1K
Gas pressure is caused by force exerted by gas molecules colliding with the surfaces of objects. Although the force of each collision is very small, any surface of an appreciable area experiences a large number of collisions in a short time, which can result in high pressure.
43.1K
02:34Vapor Pressure
40.5K
When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules move randomly about, they will occasionally collide with the surface of the condensed phase, and in some cases, these collisions will result in the molecules re-entering the condensed phase. The change from the gas phase to the liquid is called condensation. When the rate of condensation becomes equal to the rate of vaporization, neither the amount of the liquid nor the amount of the vapor...
40.5K
01:16Electric Potential and Potential Difference
5.7K
Suppose a positive test charge moves away from a positive static charge, then the Coulomb force does positive work, and its electric potential energy decreases. The potential energy per unit charge is defined as the electric potential. The electric potential is independent of the test charge.
When a test charge moves from the initial to the final position, the electric potential difference between those positions is defined as the ratio of the change in the potential energy to the charge on the...
When a test charge moves from the initial to the final position, the electric potential difference between those positions is defined as the ratio of the change in the potential energy to the charge on the...
5.7K
01:05Difference from Background: Limit of Detection
8.3K
The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
8.3K
01:14Identifying Statistically Significant Differences: The F-Test
3.8K
The F-test is used to compare two sample variances to each other or compare the sample variance to the population variance. It is used to decide whether an indeterminate error can explain the difference in their values. The underlying assumptions that allow the use of the F-test include the data set or sets are normally distributed, and the data sets are independent of each other. The test statistic F is calculated by dividing one variance by another. In other words, the square of one standard...
3.8K