Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

3.3K

Contemporary treatment strategies for Type 2 diabetes-related macrovascular disease

Andrew Mn Walker1, Richard M Cubbon1, Mark T Kearney

  • 1a Leeds Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, LIGHT laboratories, The University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
|February 10, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Type 2 diabetes significantly increases cardiovascular risks, yet current glucose-lowering drugs offer no macrovascular benefit. New treatments targeting underlying pathological processes are needed to reduce cardiac mortality in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence is rising globally, posing a significant healthcare challenge.
  • T2DM doubles the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with cardiac causes accounting for 70% of deaths.
  • Current glucose-lowering therapies have not demonstrated efficacy in reducing macrovascular events in T2DM patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cardiovascular risks associated with T2DM.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of current T2DM treatments on macrovascular outcomes.
  • To explore novel therapeutic targets for cardiovascular complications in T2DM.

Main Methods:

  • Review of large clinical trials on glucose-lowering therapies for T2DM.
  • Analysis of established cardiovascular risk reduction strategies in T2DM (blood pressure control, ACE inhibitors, statins).
  • Examination of emerging research on pathological processes in insulin resistance.

Main Results:

  • Standard glucose-lowering treatments do not reduce macrovascular event risk in T2DM.
  • Blood pressure control, ACE inhibitors, and statins are beneficial for cardiovascular risk reduction in T2DM.
  • Pathological mechanisms like endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress are key in T2DM complications.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of T2DM cardiovascular risk requires a multi-faceted approach beyond glycemic control.
  • Understanding insulin resistance's pathological pathways offers promise for future cardiovascular therapies.
  • Targeting endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and vascular repair may mitigate T2DM-related cardiac events.

Keywords:
Type 2 diabetescardiovascularendothelial dysfunctiongrowth factorinsulin resistancemacrovascularoxidative stressprediabetesprogenitor cellvascular repair

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing Diabetes Research with Static Exercise Training in Mice03:17

Author Spotlight: Advancing Diabetes Research with Static Exercise Training in Mice

Published on: March 29, 2024

1.0K
A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases06:50

A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases

Published on: May 29, 2020

3.0K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.9K
Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders01:24

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
769
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
5.3K
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
1.2K
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
944
Contemporary Psychology01:29

Contemporary Psychology

Psychology explores human behavior and mental processes through various lenses, each offering unique insights. This overview examines key subfields, including biopsychology, evolutionary, developmental, personality, and social psychology, highlighting their approaches and contributions to understanding complex human behaviors.
Biopsychology
Biopsychology, also known as biological psychology or behavioral neuroscience, focuses on the biological underpinnings of behavior and mental processes. It...
2.2K