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An Improved Routing Schema with Special Clustering Using PSO Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network.

Jin Wang1,2,3, Yu Gao4, Wei Liu5

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Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces Energy Centers Searching using Particle Swarm Optimization (EC-PSO) to improve energy efficiency and network lifetime in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). EC-PSO effectively balances energy loads and avoids energy holes for better performance.

Keywords:
PSOWSNenergy centerenergy efficiencymobile sinknetwork lifetime

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless Sensor Networks
  • Network Protocols
  • Energy Efficiency

Background:

  • Energy efficiency and balancing are critical for wireless sensor network (WSN) routing protocols.
  • Clustering algorithms often lead to energy holes near cluster heads due to heavy forwarding loads.
  • The NP-hard nature of clustering in lossy WSNs necessitates metaheuristic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel clustering method, Energy Centers Searching using Particle Swarm Optimization (EC-PSO), to address energy holes.
  • To enhance energy balancing and prolong network lifetime in WSNs.
  • To optimize cluster head selection by identifying energy centers.

Main Methods:

  • Initial cluster head election using a geometric method.
  • Employing an improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to search for energy centers.
  • Selecting nodes near energy centers as cluster heads.
  • Implementing a protection mechanism for low-energy nodes and introducing a mobile data collector.

Main Results:

  • EC-PSO effectively avoids energy holes common in other clustering methods.
  • The proposed method demonstrates superior network lifetime enhancement compared to similar approaches.
  • Improved energy utilization ratios were observed in simulations.

Conclusions:

  • EC-PSO offers a robust solution for energy-efficient clustering in WSNs.
  • The method successfully balances energy consumption and extends network operational duration.
  • EC-PSO provides a significant advancement in WSN routing protocol design.