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Macrophages in Heart Failure with Reduced versus Preserved Ejection Fraction
Matthew DeBerge1, Sanjiv J Shah2, Lisa Wilsbacher2
1Department of Pathology, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Trends in Molecular Medicine
|February 10, 2019
Summary
Macrophages play a key role in heart failure (HF), impacting both reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) types. Understanding their inflammatory and reparative functions is crucial for developing new HF treatments.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Heart failure (HF), encompassing HFrEF and HFpEF, affects many globally with poor prognosis.
- HFpEF is increasing and lacks targeted therapies.
- Inflammation and macrophages are implicated in HF progression and outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of macrophage roles in HF.
- To differentiate macrophage involvement in HFrEF versus HFpEF.
- To highlight macrophages in HF inflammation and resolution.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent findings on macrophages in HF.
- Analysis of studies focusing on inflammatory and reparative macrophage functions.
- Comparative discussion of macrophage roles in HFrEF and HFpEF.
Main Results:
- Elevated inflammatory biomarkers, linked to macrophages, correlate with worse HF outcomes.
- Macrophage subsets exhibit both pro-inflammatory and reparative activities.
- The precise causative roles of macrophages in HF pathogenesis are still being elucidated.
Conclusions:
- Macrophages are central players in HF pathogenesis, involved in both inflammation and repair.
- Further research into macrophage subsets is needed to develop targeted therapies for HFrEF and HFpEF.
- Understanding macrophage dynamics is key to improving long-term HF prognosis.
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