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ASD Screening with the Child Behavior Checklist/1.5-5 in the Study to Explore Early Development
Susan E Levy1,2, Leslie A Rescorla3, Jesse L Chittams4
1Center for Autism Research, Roberts Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 2716 South Street, Room 4361, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA. levys@email.chop.edu.
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|February 11, 2019
Summary
The Child Behavior Checklist for 1½-5 (CBCL/1½-5) Pervasive Developmental Problems (DSM-PDP) scale effectively screens preschoolers for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This tool aids in identifying children who require further diagnostic evaluation for ASD.
Area of Science:
- Child Psychology
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Psychometric Assessment
Background:
- Early identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is crucial for timely intervention.
- Developmental screening tools play a vital role in identifying children who may need further assessment.
- The Study to Explore Early Development (SEED) is a multi-site case-control study investigating developmental disorders in young children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the Child Behavior Checklist for 1½-5 (CBCL/1½-5) Pervasive Developmental Problems (DSM-PDP) scale's ability to discriminate between children with ASD and other developmental groups.
- To determine the sensitivity and specificity of the CBCL/1½-5 DSM-PDP scale in a preschool population.
- To assess the utility of the CBCL/1½-5 as a screening tool for ASD in young children.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of CBCL/1½-5 DSM-PDP scores in 3- to 5-year-olds from the SEED study.
- Comparison of scores between children with ASD (N=656), Developmental Delay (DD) (N=646), DD with ASD features (DD-AF) (N=284), and population controls (POP) (N=827).
- ASD diagnosis was confirmed using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R).
Main Results:
- A cut-point of T≥65 on the CBCL/1½-5 DSM-PDP scale demonstrated 80% sensitivity for ASD.
- Specificity varied across groups: 0.93 for POP, 0.85 for DD-noAF, and 0.50 for DD-AF.
- One-way ANOVA revealed a large group effect (η²=0.50), indicating significant differences in scores between the groups.
Conclusions:
- The CBCL/1½-5 DSM-PDP scale is a time-efficient and effective screening tool for identifying preschoolers with potential ASD.
- Results support the use of the CBCL/1½-5 as a preliminary screener to flag children needing further comprehensive ASD evaluation.
- The findings highlight the scale's utility in differentiating ASD from other developmental conditions in early childhood.
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