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Adolescent positive self, negative self: associated but dissociable?

Tianyuan Ke1, Jia Wu2, Cynthia J Willner2

  • 1a Yale Child Study Centre , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , Connecticut , USA.

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Adolescent depression severity links to negative self-evaluation, not positive. Positive self-views correlate with narcissism, while negative self-views link to puberty and depression.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Adolescent Psychiatry

Background:

  • Adolescence is a critical period for identity formation and is linked to heightened vulnerability to depression.
  • Depression in adolescents is often characterized by negative self-evaluation.
  • The relationship between depressive symptoms and positive self-evaluation requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between depressive symptom severity and positive self-evaluation in adolescents.
  • To explore the role of pubertal development in positive and negative self-evaluation.
  • To determine if positive and negative self-evaluation represent distinct aspects of the self.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 109 healthy adolescents (aged 12-17) from the United States.
  • Utilized a self-referential encoding task to assess self-descriptiveness of adjectives.
  • Administered the Children's Depression Inventory, Pubertal Development Scale, and Child Narcissism Scale.

Main Results:

  • Negative-word endorsement was predicted by pubertal maturation and depressive symptoms.
  • Positive-word endorsement was predicted by narcissism and negatively associated with depressive symptoms.
  • Positive self-judgment did not vary with pubertal maturation but was linked to narcissism and inversely to depressive symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Negative and positive self-judgments appear to be partially dissociable facets of the self in adolescents.
  • Depressive symptoms are associated with negative self-evaluation, while narcissism is linked to positive self-evaluation.
  • Findings suggest distinct developmental and psychological correlates for positive and negative self-perceptions during adolescence.