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Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
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Longitudinal changes in maternal anthropometry in relation to neonatal anthropometry.

Sarah J Pugh1, Ana M Ortega-Villa2, William Grobman3

  • 11Epidemiology BranchDivision of Intramural Population Health Research,Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,6710B Rockledge Drive,MSC 7004,Bethesda,MD20817,USA.

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Maternal anthropometric changes in late pregnancy impact neonatal body composition, specifically lean mass, but not birth weight. These findings suggest neonatal anthropometry offers insights beyond birth weight alone.

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Area of Science:

  • Maternal-fetal medicine
  • Neonatal physiology
  • Anthropometry

Background:

  • Longitudinal maternal anthropometric measures are crucial for understanding fetal development.
  • Late-gestational changes may disproportionately influence neonatal body composition.
  • Birth weight alone may not fully capture neonatal adiposity and lean mass.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between longitudinal maternal anthropometric changes and neonatal anthropometry.
  • To determine the impact of late-gestational maternal anthropometric changes on neonatal body composition (fat and lean mass).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 2334 non-obese women with singleton pregnancies.
  • Maternal anthropometry measured at six visits; neonatal measurements and body composition calculated.
  • Analysis of maternal anthropometric trajectories and rate of change in second and third trimesters.

Main Results:

  • Increased gestational weight gain correlated with larger birth weight and greater neonatal lean and fat mass.
  • Higher rates of maternal anthropometric measure increases were linked to decreased neonatal lean mass, independent of birth weight.
  • Lowest third-trimester triceps skinfold decrease was associated with higher neonatal lean mass.

Conclusions:

  • Third-trimester maternal anthropometric changes influence neonatal lean and fat mass.
  • These changes have a minimal effect on infant birth weight.
  • Neonatal anthropometry provides valuable information beyond birth weight for assessing body composition.