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3D-printed bioactive scaffolds from nanosilicates and PEOT/PBT for bone tissue engineering
James K Carrow1, Andrea Di Luca2, Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz3
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Regenerative Biomaterials
|February 12, 2019
Summary
Researchers developed bioactive nanocomposite 3D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering by combining poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) with 2D nanosilicates. These scaffolds enhance human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) osteogenic differentiation and matrix production.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Additive manufacturing (AM) offers potential for creating 3D scaffolds in regenerative medicine.
- Many synthetic biomaterials used in AM are bioinert, limiting their application.
- Poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) copolymers support calcification and bone bonding in vivo.
- 2D nanosilicates can induce osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) without osteoinductive agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize bioactive nanocomposites from PEOT/PBT copolymer and 2D nanosilicates for 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
- To investigate the effects of nanosilicate addition on the structural, mechanical, and biological properties of PEOT/PBT nanocomposites.
- To evaluate the potential of these nanocomposites for enhancing bone regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of PEOT/PBT copolymer and 2D nanosilicate nanocomposites.
- Fabrication of 3D scaffolds using additive manufacturing.
- Characterization of structural, mechanical, and degradation properties of the nanocomposites.
- In vitro evaluation of hMSC proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and matrix mineralization on the scaffolds.
Main Results:
- Addition of nanosilicate to PEOT/PBT improved nanocomposite stability in physiological conditions by suppressing degradation.
- No significant increase in scaffold mechanical stiffness was observed with nanosilicate addition.
- In vitro studies demonstrated enhanced bioactive properties, with hMSCs proliferating well and showing upregulated osteo-related proteins and mineralized matrix production on nanosilicate-containing scaffolds.
Conclusions:
- The synergistic combination of nanosilicates and PEOT/PBT creates bioactive nanocomposites suitable for additive manufacturing.
- These novel nanocomposite scaffolds show significant promise for advancing bone tissue engineering applications.
- The developed materials enhance osteogenic differentiation and matrix formation, crucial for effective bone regeneration.
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