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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism01:28

Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism

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Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
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Disorders of Acid-Base Balance01:29

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The human body maintains a precise pH range of arterial blood between 7.35 and 7.45. Deviations result in either acidosis (pH < 7.35) or alkalosis (pH > 7.45). These conditions are further classified as respiratory or metabolic disorders based on their underlying cause.
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Alkynes to Carboxylic Acids: Oxidative Cleavage02:01

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Alkynes undergo oxidative cleavage in the presence of oxidizing reagents like potassium permanganate and ozone. The triple bond — one σ bond and two π bonds — is completely cleaved, and the alkyne is oxidized to carboxylic acids. When warm and basic aqueous potassium permanganate is used as an oxidizing agent, alkynes are first converted to carboxylate salts via an unstable α-diketone intermediate. Further, a mild acid treatment protonates the carboxylate anions...
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Oxidations of Aldehydes and Ketones to Carboxylic Acids01:15

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Oxidation of aldehydes and ketones results in the formation of carboxylic acids. Aldehydes, bearing hydrogen next to the carbonyl group, are easily oxidized compared to ketones. This is because an aldehydic proton can easily be abstracted during oxidation.
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids02:04

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Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
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Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Determination of Fatty Acid Oxidation and Lipogenesis in Mouse Primary Hepatocytes
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Fatty acid oxidation disorders.

J Lawrence Merritt1,2, Marie Norris2, Shibani Kanungo3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Annals of Translational Medicine
|February 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAODs) are inherited metabolic conditions affecting energy production. Early diagnosis via newborn screening and prompt treatment significantly improve outcomes for these serious conditions.

Keywords:
Fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAODs)carnitinehypoketotic hypoglycemiamitochondrial β-oxidationtrifunctional protein

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Methods for the Determination of Rates of Glucose and Fatty Acid Oxidation in the Isolated Working Rat Heart
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Methods for the Determination of Rates of Glucose and Fatty Acid Oxidation in the Isolated Working Rat Heart
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAODs) are inherited metabolic diseases impacting energy production.
  • These disorders disrupt mitochondrial beta-oxidation or carnitine transport, leading to diverse clinical presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of FAODs.
  • To highlight the importance of early detection and intervention for improving patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on FAODs.
  • Analysis of common clinical presentations and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • FAODs present with varied symptoms including cardiomyopathy, liver dysfunction, hypoglycemia, and rhabdomyolysis, depending on age and specific disorder.
  • Consistent treatment involves avoiding fasting, managing illness aggressively, and specific dietary/supplementary interventions like carnitine and medium-chain triglycerides.

Conclusions:

  • FAODs are autosomal recessive disorders with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Newborn screening and early treatment are crucial for better outcomes, but further clinical trials are needed.