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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: Capturing Infant-Caregiver Interactions Through Synchronized Multimodal Data Collection
Published on: May 31, 2024
Secure Base Provision: A New Approach to Examining Links Between Maternal Caregiving and Infant Attachment
Susan S Woodhouse1, Julie R Scott2, Allison D Hepworth3
1Lehigh University.
Insights
Maternal sensitivity did not predict infant attachment security. However, secure base provision (SBP) significantly predicted infant attachment, offering a stronger explanation for low-SES families.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Attachment Theory
- Maternal Caregiving
Background:
- Understanding infant attachment precursors is crucial for early development.
- Maternal caregiving behaviors significantly influence infant attachment security.
- Existing research often focuses on maternal sensitivity, but other factors may be important.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine secure base provision (SBP) as a predictor of infant attachment.
- To determine if SBP explains attachment variance beyond maternal sensitivity.
- To investigate these relationships in low-socioeconomic status (SES) families.
Main Methods:
- Observational study design.
- 83 low-SES infants and their mothers participated.
- Data collected via laboratory tasks and home visits at 4.5, 7-9, and 12 months.
Main Results:
- Maternal sensitivity did not significantly predict infant attachment security.
- Secure base provision (SBP) significantly predicted infant attachment.
- SBP's effect size was eight times larger than sensitivity's in meta-analytic findings for low-SES families.
Conclusions:
- Secure base provision is a critical factor in infant attachment, particularly for low-SES populations.
- SBP offers a more robust explanation for infant attachment than maternal sensitivity alone.
- Findings highlight the importance of considering SBP in interventions aimed at promoting secure infant attachment.
Abstract:
This observational study addressed a critical gap in the understanding of the precursors of infant attachment by examining whether a new conceptualization of maternal caregiving behavior, secure base provision (SBP), explained variance in attachment above and beyond variance explained by sensitivity. Participants included 83 low-socioeconomic status (SES), 4.5-month-old infants (56% male) and their mothers. Infant-mother dyads completed laboratory tasks at 4.5 months and three 30-min home visits between 7 and 9 months, then returned to the laboratory at 12 months for an attachment assessment. Maternal sensitivity did not significantly predict infant attachment security. SBP significantly predicted infant attachment, over and above sensitivity, with an effect size eight times larger than that of sensitivity in meta-analytic findings for low-SES families.
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