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Common Variable Immunodeficiency: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Classification, and
R Yazdani1, S Habibi1, L Sharifi2
1Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children´s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|February 12, 2019
Summary
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency causing recurrent infections. This review covers CVID epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management, highlighting the need for genetic research.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Genetics
Background:
- Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent symptomatic antibody deficiency.
- It presents with hypogammaglobulinemia, leading to recurrent bacterial infections and diverse complications.
- While immunological and genetic factors are implicated, the genetic basis of CVID is often unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).
- To discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, classification, and management strategies for CVID.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article.
- It synthesizes existing knowledge on CVID from numerous studies.
Main Results:
- CVID is a heterogeneous disorder with complex etiology.
- Infections are a hallmark, but non-infectious complications are also prevalent.
- Genetic underpinnings remain largely unidentified in most CVID cases.
Conclusions:
- Understanding CVID requires integrating knowledge of its epidemiology, immunology, and genetics.
- Further research into the genetic background is crucial for improved diagnosis and targeted therapies.
- Effective management of CVID involves addressing infectious and non-infectious complications.
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