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Ammonia Synthesis at Low Pressure
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Using urease and nitrification inhibitors to decrease ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions and improve productivity in

Shu Kee Lam1, Helen Suter1, Mei Bai1

  • 1School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.

The Science of the Total Environment
|February 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Urease and nitrification inhibitors significantly reduced ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emissions in subtropical pastures. These nitrogen inhibitors also boosted pasture biomass and nitrogen uptake, offering environmental and economic advantages.

Keywords:
Ammonia volatilizationNitrification inhibitorNitrous oxide emissionPastureUrease inhibitor

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Urease and nitrification inhibitors aim to reduce ammonia (NH3) volatilization and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from nitrogen fertilizers.
  • Widespread adoption of these inhibitors in pasture systems is limited by uncertainties regarding their agronomic and economic benefits, especially in subtropical regions.
  • Lack of data from subtropical pasture systems necessitates investigation into the viability of inhibitor use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the environmental, agronomic, and economic viability of using urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) in a subtropical pasture.
  • To quantify the impact of these inhibitors on ammonia volatilization, nitrous oxide emissions, pasture biomass, and nitrogen uptake.

Main Methods:

  • A field experiment was conducted in a subtropical pasture in Queensland, Australia.
  • Tested treatments included granular urea, Green UreaNV® (urea with NBPT), and Urea with ENTEC® (urea with DMPP).
  • Measured NH3 volatilization, N2O emission, pasture biomass, and nitrogen uptake.

Main Results:

  • Green UreaNV® and Urea with ENTEC® reduced NH3 volatilization by 44% and N2O emission by 15% compared to granular urea.
  • Pasture biomass increased by 22-36% and nitrogen uptake by 23-32% with inhibitor application.
  • Fertilizer cost per kg of dry matter was lower for Green UreaNV® (4.4 cents) compared to urea (5.4 cents) and Urea with ENTEC® (6.0 cents).

Conclusions:

  • The use of NBPT (Green UreaNV®) and DMPP (Urea with ENTEC®) provides significant environmental benefits by mitigating nitrogen loss in subtropical pastures.
  • These inhibitors enhance pasture productivity through increased biomass and nitrogen uptake, demonstrating agronomic benefits.
  • The economic assessment suggests that these inhibitors can be cost-effective, offering a viable option for sustainable pasture management in subtropical regions.