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Sequence Expression of Supernumerary B Chromosomes: Function or Fluff?

Elena Dalla Benetta1,2, Omar S Akbari3, Patrick M Ferree4

  • 1W. M. Keck Science Department of Claremont McKenna, Pitzer, and Scripps Colleges, Claremont, CA 91711, USA. edallabenetta@ucsd.edu.

Genes
|February 13, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

B chromosomes, or supernumerary chromosomes, are parasitic genetic elements that can drive their own inheritance. This study explores how expressed B chromosome sequences, often repetitive and non-coding, may facilitate this drive mechanism.

Keywords:
B chromosomesPSR (Paternal sex ratio)genome eliminationncRNAs (non coding RNAs)repeated elements.selfish elementssuper-Mendelian

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • B chromosomes are non-essential, heritable genetic elements found in many species.
  • They are often considered genome parasites due to their non-essential nature.
  • Many B chromosomes exhibit 'drive,' ensuring their transmission at higher than expected frequencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanistic basis of B chromosome drive.
  • To explore the role of expressed B chromosome sequences in their own transmission.
  • To identify potential functions of these sequences in chromosome and chromatin processes.

Main Methods:

  • Review and highlight previously identified expressed B chromosome sequences.
  • Analyze the nature of these sequences (repetitive, non-coding).
  • Speculate on the functional roles of expressed sequences in B chromosome drive based on RNA functions.

Main Results:

  • Several expressed B chromosome sequences, often repetitive and non-coding, have been identified.
  • These sequences are transcribed, suggesting a potential role in B chromosome biology.
  • The functions of these expressed sequences in drive remain largely speculative.

Conclusions:

  • Expressed B chromosome sequences are likely involved in the drive mechanism.
  • Understanding these sequences' roles in chromatin and chromosome processes is crucial.
  • Further functional studies are needed to elucidate how B chromosomes interact with cellular components for drive and transmission.