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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

An In Vitro Assay to Detect tRNA-Isopentenyl Transferase Activity
Published on: October 8, 2018
tRNA modification and cancer: potential for therapeutic prevention and intervention
Lauren Endres1, Michael Fasullo2, Rebecca Rose3
1State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, College of Arts & Sciences, Utica, NY, USA.
Abstract:
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) undergo extensive chemical modification within cells through the activity of tRNA methyltransferase enzymes (TRMs). Although tRNA modifications are dynamic, how they impact cell behavior after stress and during tumorigenesis is not well understood. This review discusses how tRNA modifications influence the translation of codon-biased transcripts involved in responses to oxidative stress. We further discuss emerging mechanistic details about how aberrant TRM activity in cancer cells can direct programs of codon-biased translation that drive cancer cell phenotypes. The studies reviewed here predict future preventative therapies aimed at augmenting TRM activity in individuals at risk for cancer due to exposure. They further predict that attenuating TRM-dependent translation in cancer cells may limit disease progression while leaving noncancerous cells unharmed.
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