Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 29, 2026
09:41
Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound for Monitoring Cerebral Blood Flow
Published on: March 15, 2021
9.0K
How reliable is cerebral blood flow to map changes in neuronal activity?
Clotilde Lecrux1, Miled Bourourou1, Edith Hamel1
1Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
Autonomic Neuroscience : Basic & Clinical
|February 13, 2019
Summary
Neurovascular coupling links brain activity to blood flow, crucial for diagnostics. This review explores how different brain pathways and states affect this vital connection, highlighting its complexity.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neuroimaging
- Physiology
Background:
- Functional MRI maps brain activity via hemodynamic signals, essential for diagnosing neurological disorders like stroke and dementia.
- Neurovascular coupling ensures neuronal function by matching blood supply to metabolic demand, involving complex interactions between neurons, astrocytes, and microvessels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and compare neurovascular coupling mechanisms across different activated brain pathways (sensory vs. neuromodulatory).
- To investigate the impact of varying brain states (sleep, wakefulness, attention) and pathological conditions on neurovascular coupling reliability.
- To examine how vascular alterations affect neurovascular coupling.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on neurovascular coupling.
- Comparison of signaling pathways involved in sensory (glutamate) and neuromodulatory (acetylcholine, noradrenaline) pathway activation.
- Analysis of neurovascular coupling across different physiological and pathological brain states.
Main Results:
- Neurovascular coupling involves common signaling pathways but also exhibits unique cascades depending on the activated pathway.
- Brain states such as sleep, wakefulness, and attention, as well as pathological conditions, can affect neurovascular coupling mechanisms.
- Alterations in brain vasculature can compromise the reliability of neurovascular coupling.
Conclusions:
- Neurovascular coupling is complex and pathway-dependent, with variations observed across different brain states and conditions.
- Further research is necessary to fully understand the alterations in neurovascular coupling in various brain states and pathological contexts.
- Reliability of neurovascular coupling is critical for accurate neuroimaging interpretation in health and disease.
Keywords:
Cerebral cortexInterneuronsLocal field potentialsNeurovascular couplingPyramidal cellsVasomediatorMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:29Blood Flow
75.9K
Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
75.9K
01:29Reliability and Validity
13.9K
Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
13.9K
01:17Autoregulation of Blood Flow
8.0K
Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation....
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation....
8.0K
01:27Applications of Integration to Find Blood Flow
47
Blood flow through a cylindrical blood vessel can be mathematically described using the principles of laminar flow, a regime in which fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers. In this model, the velocity of the blood is not uniform across the cross-section of the vessel; rather, it varies with the radial distance from the center. The maximum velocity occurs along the central axis, decreasing progressively toward the vessel walls, where it reaches zero due to viscous drag.Approximating Blood...
47
01:25Distribution Reliability and Automation
507
Distribution reliability in electrical power systems is critical for ensuring an uninterrupted power supply to consumers at minimal cost. According to IEEE Standard Terms, reliability is the probability that a device will function without failure over a specified time period or amount of usage. For electric power distribution, this translates to maintaining continuous power supply and addressing customer concerns over power outages. Several indices, as defined by IEEE Standard 1366-2012, are...
507
01:29Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration
869
The kidneys are vital organs responsible for regulating blood filtration, waste excretion, and fluid balance, all of which are crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Renal physiology examines renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and urine formation, ensuring the body’s internal environment remains stable.Renal Blood FlowThe kidneys receive about 20-25% of the cardiac output, typically around 1200 mL of blood per minute in an average adult. Blood flows into the kidneys through the renal...
869