Multiple Exostoses Syndrome and Basilar Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Genetics
• Vascular Surgery

Background:

• Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is a genetic disorder causing multiple osteochondromas.
• Vascular complications are infrequent in HME patients.
• The link between HME and specific vascular events like aneurysms is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a rare case of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in a patient with Hereditary Multiple Exostoses (HME).
• To investigate the association between HME and basilar tip aneurysm (BTA) rupture.
• To review the literature on vascular complications in patients with osteochondromas.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 48-year-old male with HME presenting with SAH due to BTA rupture.
• Systematic literature review of osteochondroma-associated cerebrovascular events.
• Analysis of aneurysm treatment and patient recovery.

Main Results:

• A patient with HME experienced SAH from a ruptured BTA, successfully treated with endovascular coiling.
• The patient recovered from neurological deficits including dysphasia and tetraparesis.
• Literature review identified eight cases of vertebrobasilar stroke related to osteochondromas, but only this case involved a basilar artery aneurysm.

Conclusions:

• The etiopathogenesis of basilar artery aneurysms in HME patients remains unclear.
• Awareness of this rare association is crucial for medical professionals.
• Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a potentially severe complication in HME patients with associated aneurysms.