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As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.
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Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building01:26

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As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
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Rate laws describe the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentration of its reactants. In a rate law, the rate constant k and the reaction orders are determined experimentally by observing how the rate of reaction changes as the concentrations of the reactants are changed. A common experimental approach to the determination of rate laws is the method of initial rates. This method involves measuring reaction rates for multiple experimental trials carried out using...
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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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The pH of a salt solution is determined by its component anions and cations. Salts that contain pH-neutral anions and the hydronium ion-producing cations form a solution with a pH less than 7. For example, in ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) solution, NO3− ions do not react with water whereas NH4+ ions produce the hydronium ions resulting in the acidic solution.  In contrast, salts that contain pH-neutral cations and the hydroxide ion-producing anions form a solution with a pH greater than 7. For...
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Relating Reaction Mechanisms
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Who determines sustainability?

David J Agnew1

  • 1Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.

Journal of Fish Biology
|February 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sustainable fisheries certification schemes aim to improve practices, but lack agreement on specific measurement details beyond maximum sustainable yield (MSY). International policy discussions are needed for consistent global standards in fisheries management.

Keywords:
certificationconsumersecolabelstandardssustainability

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology and Ecology
  • Fisheries Science
  • Environmental Policy and Management

Background:

  • Numerous certification and rating schemes for sustainable fisheries have emerged over the last two decades.
  • These initiatives aim to shape consumer preferences and encourage improved fisheries management practices.
  • The development of sustainability standards by these schemes has varied, leading to a complex landscape for stakeholders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development of fisheries certification schemes.
  • To analyze the differences and commonalities in their sustainability standards.
  • To identify the basis for the development of these diverse sustainability standards.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review approach was employed to document the evolution of fisheries certification schemes.
  • Comparative analysis of the sustainability criteria and measurement approaches used by different schemes.
  • Examination of the underlying principles and policy contexts influencing standard development.

Main Results:

  • While general goals for sustainable fisheries are consistent across schemes, specific measurement details and reference points show significant divergence.
  • Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) is a notable exception, with more agreement on its concept.
  • Lack of consensus on precise metrics and reference points stems from insufficient international policy discussion and agreement.

Conclusions:

  • Existing fisheries certification schemes exhibit considerable variation in their operational definitions and measurement of sustainability.
  • Greater international policy dialogue is required to establish consistent, measurable standards for global fisheries sustainability.
  • Addressing these inconsistencies is crucial for effectively guiding fisheries management and consumer choices towards genuine sustainability.