Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

797
While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
797
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects

813
Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
Unlike...
813
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

758
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
758
Buffer Effectiveness02:19

Buffer Effectiveness

55.1K
Buffer solutions do not have an unlimited capacity to keep the pH relatively constant . Instead, the ability of a buffer solution to resist changes in pH relies on the presence of appreciable amounts of its conjugate weak acid-base pair. When enough strong acid or base is added to substantially lower the concentration of either member of the buffer pair, the buffering action within the solution is compromised.
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...
55.1K
Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

7.9K
Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
7.9K
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

17.9K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
17.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical outcomes of single-agent mifepristone exposures reported to U.S. Poison Centers: a ten-year review of the National Poison Data System<sup>®</sup> (2015-2024).

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

American Academy of Clinical Toxicology position statement on the appropriate scheduling of drugs.

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

Intramuscular droperidol, olanzapine, midazolam, or lorazepam to treat methamphetamine intoxication in the emergency department.

The American journal of emergency medicine·2026
Same author

Part 10: Adult and Pediatric Special Circumstances of Resuscitation: 2025 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.

Circulation·2025
Same author

Physostigmine reversal of delirium from second generation antipsychotic exposure: a retrospective cohort study from a regional poison center.

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2024
Same author

2023 American Heart Association Focused Update on the Management of Patients With Cardiac Arrest or Life-Threatening Toxicity Due to Poisoning: An Update to the American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.

Circulation·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology
06:19

Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.7K

Adverse Effects of Physostigmine.

Ann M Arens1,2, Tom Kearney3,4

  • 1Minnesota Poison Control System, Minneapolis, MN, USA. Ann.Arens@hcmed.org.

Journal of Medical Toxicology : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology
|February 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Physostigmine is a safe antidote for anticholinergic overdose, with serious adverse effects infrequently reported. Caution is advised for patients with EKG QRS prolongation or coronary artery disease.

Keywords:
AntidoteAntimuscarinicDeliriumPhysostigmineReview

More Related Videos

Prevention of Heat Stress Adverse Effects in Rats by Bacillus subtilis Strain
07:57

Prevention of Heat Stress Adverse Effects in Rats by Bacillus subtilis Strain

Published on: July 11, 2016

8.0K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Microglial Interactions with Stress-Response Circuitry Using the Limited Bedding and Nesting Model
04:20

Author Spotlight: Exploring Microglial Interactions with Stress-Response Circuitry Using the Limited Bedding and Nesting Model

Published on: July 12, 2024

2.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology
06:19

Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.7K
Prevention of Heat Stress Adverse Effects in Rats by Bacillus subtilis Strain
07:57

Prevention of Heat Stress Adverse Effects in Rats by Bacillus subtilis Strain

Published on: July 11, 2016

8.0K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Microglial Interactions with Stress-Response Circuitry Using the Limited Bedding and Nesting Model
04:20

Author Spotlight: Exploring Microglial Interactions with Stress-Response Circuitry Using the Limited Bedding and Nesting Model

Published on: July 12, 2024

2.6K

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Physostigmine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, effectively reverses anticholinergic delirium.
  • Underutilization of physostigmine stems from concerns over adverse events in tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdoses.
  • A literature review was conducted to assess adverse effects of physostigmine administration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and evaluate adverse effects associated with physostigmine use.
  • To determine the safety profile of physostigmine as an antidote.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative literature review was performed.
  • 161 articles comprising 2299 patients were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Adverse effects were reported in 18.1% of patients.
  • Most common adverse effects included hypersalivation (9.0%) and nausea/vomiting (4.2%).
  • Serious adverse events like seizures (0.61%) and bradycardia (0.35%) were rare and generally manageable. Fatalities occurred in 0.22% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Significant adverse effects from physostigmine are infrequent.
  • Physostigmine is a safe antidote for anticholinergic overdose, with specific contraindications including QRS prolongation and caution in cardiac conditions.
  • Patients with TCA overdose showed a low incidence of adverse events (3.6%).