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A stream classification system for the conterminous United States.

Ryan A McManamay1, Christopher R DeRolph1

  • 1Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.

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|February 13, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new stream classification system for the US uses six habitat layers to map stream diversity. This empirically-driven approach aids aquatic conservation and research by detailing natural stream conditions across millions of stream reaches.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Stream classifications are crucial for understanding aquatic ecosystem diversity and guiding conservation efforts.
  • Rapid land and riverscape modification in the United States necessitates an updated inventory of natural stream habitats.
  • A spatially extensive and high-resolution classification is needed to capture stream ecosystem heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multi-layered, empirically-driven stream classification system for the conterminous United States.
  • To provide a detailed physical template for organizing and maintaining stream biodiversity.
  • To support aquatic conservation and management through a comprehensive stream habitat evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized over 2.6 million stream reaches from the NHDPlus V2 stream network.
  • Developed a classification based on natural variation in six key habitat layers: size, gradient, hydrology, temperature, network bifurcation, and valley confinement.
  • Employed an empirically-driven approach to define classes at the stream-reach resolution.

Main Results:

  • Presented a novel, multi-layered stream classification system for the conterminous US.
  • The classification captures emergent natural variation across six critical habitat dimensions.
  • Provided multiple classification approaches and reported uncertainty for assigned stream reaches.

Conclusions:

  • The developed stream classification and associated data are valuable resources for stream conservation and ecological research.
  • This system offers a high-resolution physical template to understand and manage stream biodiversity.
  • The classification supports informed decision-making in the face of ongoing environmental change.