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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Biofilm Removal Using Carbon Dioxide Aerosols without Nitrogen Purge
Published on: November 6, 2016
Enhanced simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in treating low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio wastewater:
Hongxiang Chai1, Yu Xiang1, Rong Chen2
1Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China; National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
Abstract:
Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) is an energy-saving wastewater treatment process, however, the nitrogen removal pathways are not clear. An enhanced SND sequencing batch biofilm reactor with a SND ratio above 97.3% was built to treat low carbon to nitrogen ratio wastewater. When traditional nitrification was inhibited, ammonia removal efficiency still reached 45% in 8 h while the NO3- and NO2- concentration was less than 3 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L during the complete process, respectively. The pathways that could not be suppressed by the inhibitors (ATU and ClO3-) were stimulated by heterotrophic nitrifiers and aerobic denitrifiers with periplasmic nitrate reductase and contributed 55% of the total removed NH4+ and produced 51% of the emitted N2O. The contributions of different nitrogen removal pathways indicate that the unconventional pathways are important in wastewater treatment system and inhibitors should be carefully used in nitrogen removal pathway assays.
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