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The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
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The transfer function is a fundamental concept in the analysis and design of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems. It offers a concise way to understand how a system responds to different inputs in the frequency domain. It serves as a bridge between the time-domain differential equations that describe system dynamics and the frequency-domain representation that facilitates easier manipulation and analysis.
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The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
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Exocrine glands are those that release their secretions through ducts. Based on their mode of secretion, they can be classified into merocrine, apocrine, and holocrine.
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Exocrine pancreatic function is preserved in systemic sclerosis.

Gracijela Bozovic1, Rille Pullerits2,3, Arne Ståhl3

  • 1Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.

Arthritis Research & Therapy
|February 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) does not appear to cause significant exocrine pancreatic dysfunction. This study found similar rates of pancreatic insufficiency in SSc patients and healthy controls, suggesting no direct link.

Keywords:
Fecal elastaseMalnutritionPancreasSystemic sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Rheumatology
  • Pancreatic Diseases

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease with potential systemic manifestations.
  • Previous research suggested a possible link between SSc and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction, but autopsy studies found no supporting histopathological evidence.
  • Understanding pancreatic function in SSc is crucial for comprehensive patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate exocrine pancreatic function in patients with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc).
  • To compare exocrine pancreatic function between SSc patients and an age- and sex-matched control group.
  • To correlate exocrine pancreatic function with clinical, laboratory, and radiological SSc characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 112 consecutive SSc patients and 52 matched controls.
  • Exocrine pancreatic function assessed using fecal elastase measurements (ELISA); levels ≤ 200 μg/g indicated insufficiency.
  • High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) used to evaluate pancreas parenchyma; clinical and laboratory data collected for SSc characterization.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in pathological fecal elastase levels between SSc patients (5.4%) and controls (5.8%).
  • SSc patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency did not differ in clinical or laboratory findings from other SSc patients.
  • SSc subjects with low fecal elastase showed reduced pancreas attenuation on HRCT compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) was not associated with clinically significant exocrine pancreatic dysfunction in this study.
  • The prevalence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was similar in SSc patients and matched controls.
  • While pancreatic attenuation on HRCT was lower in SSc patients with reduced function, this did not translate to clinical significance.