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Neural Variability Limits Adolescent Skill Learning.

Melissa L Caras1, Dan H Sanes2,3,4,5

  • 1Center for Neural Science, caras@nyu.edu.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|February 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adolescent skill learning is slower due to higher neural variability in the auditory cortex. This suggests reduced neural variability is key for mature skill acquisition.

Keywords:
adolescenceauditory cortexdevelopmentinternal noiseperceptual learningpractice

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • Skill learning is crucial for complex behaviors and develops throughout childhood and adolescence.
  • Neural mechanisms supporting skill learning mature slowly, indicating age-related differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the rate and magnitude of perceptual learning differ across ages in gerbils.
  • To explore the neural basis of age-related variations in auditory skill learning.

Main Methods:

  • Gerbils of different ages (adolescent, young, mature) were trained on an auditory task.
  • Auditory cortical neuron activity was recorded during perceptual training in adolescent and adult gerbils.

Main Results:

  • Adolescent gerbils showed a slower rate of perceptual learning compared to younger and mature gerbils.
  • Training enhanced auditory cortical neuron sensitivity in adults, but not in adolescents, where sensitivity sometimes declined.
  • Adolescent neurons exhibited smaller response differences and greater trial-to-trial fluctuations, leading to poorer sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated sensory neural variability in adolescents hinders skill learning.
  • A reduction in neural response variability is a mechanistic basis for adult-like skill learning.