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Dermatomyositis Associated with Sarcoidosis: Two Cases.

Paschalis Sidiras1, Frédéric Vandergheynst2, Laurine Verset3

  • 1Department of Rheumatology and Physical Medicine, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine
|February 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dermatomyositis and sarcoidosis rarely co-occur. This study highlights two cases of dermatomyositis (DM) patients who later developed sarcoidosis, suggesting shared inflammatory pathways may link these autoimmune conditions.

Keywords:
Sarcoidosisauto-antibodiesdermatomyositis

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Dermatomyositis (DM) and sarcoidosis are idiopathic systemic inflammatory disorders.
  • Co-occurrence of DM and sarcoidosis is exceptionally rare in clinical reports.
  • Increasing reports suggest a link between sarcoidosis and autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe two cases of patients diagnosed with DM and subsequently developing biopsy-proven sarcoidosis.
  • To explore potential shared pathogenetic mechanisms between DM and sarcoidosis.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of two patients with DM and DM-associated antibodies.
  • Subsequent development of biopsy-proven sarcoidosis in both patients.
  • Review of literature on co-occurrence of sarcoidosis and autoimmune diseases.

Main Results:

  • Two patients initially diagnosed with DM and DM-associated antibodies later developed sarcoidosis.
  • The findings add to a growing body of evidence linking sarcoidosis with autoimmune conditions.
  • Enlarged lymph nodes in DM patients may warrant consideration for sarcoidosis.

Conclusions:

  • Sarcoidosis should be considered in dermatomyositis patients presenting with enlarged lymph nodes.
  • The pathophysiology of both diseases involves Th1 and Th17 inflammatory responses, suggesting a potential overlap.
  • One diagnosis does not exclude the other, necessitating comprehensive evaluation.