Multi-sensory training and wrist fractures: a randomized, controlled trial

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Rehabilitation Science
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Fall-related wrist fractures are linked to impaired vestibular function, reduced foot sensation, and poor postural control.
• These deficits contribute to decreased functional ability and an increased risk of future falls.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the effectiveness of multi-sensory training (MST) against wrist stabilization training (WT) in improving postural control, vestibular function, foot sensation, and functional ability in individuals with fall-related wrist fractures.

Main Methods:

• A 12-week assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial involving 98 participants (age 50-75) comparing MST and WT.
• Interventions included supervised physical therapy sessions and daily home exercises.
• Outcome measures included the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), Head Shake Test (HST), Video-Head Impulse Test (vHIT), Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments (SWF), Biothesiometer (BT), 10-m Walk Test (10MWT), Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSTS), Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC), and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI).

Main Results:

• Multi-sensory training (MST) demonstrated a significant improvement in Sensory Organization Test (SOT) scores compared to wrist stabilization training (WT) (p=0.01).
• Subgroup analysis revealed MST was more effective than WT in enhancing 10-m Walk Test (10MWT) speed, Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSTS) performance, Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments (SWF) scores, and SOT scores (p=0.04) for participants with below-normal baseline SOT scores.

Conclusions:

• Multi-sensory training (MST) is an effective intervention for improving postural control in individuals recovering from fall-related wrist fractures.
• The benefits of MST appear to be more pronounced in individuals exhibiting poorer baseline balance as indicated by SOT scores.