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Related Concept Videos

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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Taping Over Different Ground Profiles01:12

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Taping over varying ground profiles requires careful adaptation to achieve accurate measurements. On smooth, level ground with minimal vegetation, the tape can rest directly on the ground. Here, the taping team, typically consisting of a head and a rear tapeman, coordinates their positions with clear communication. The rear tapeman holds the tape at the starting point and guides the head tapeman toward a range pole placed beyond the endpoint, using hand or voice signals to ensure alignment.On...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Mouse Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating Factor GM-CSF-producing T Helper THGM Cells
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In Vitro Differentiation of Mouse Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating Factor GM-CSF-producing T Helper THGM Cells

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Proteomic Profiling of Mouse Helper T Cell Differentiation.

Henk-Jan van den Ham1,2, Nadine A Binai3, Fatiha Zaaraoui-Boutahar1

  • 1Department Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Proteomics
|February 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

High-throughput proteomics identified key protein differences in mouse helper T cell (Th) differentiation. This deepens understanding of Th1/Th2 cell biology for developing new disease interventions.

Keywords:
LC-MS/MSexosomeshelper T cell differentiationlimma

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Proteomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Helper T cell differentiation is crucial for adaptive immunity.
  • Understanding Th1 and Th2 cell molecular biology aids in disease intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To profile proteins in mouse Th1 and Th2 cells using high-throughput proteomics.
  • To identify differentially expressed proteins and pathways involved in T helper cell differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput proteomic profiling of differentiated mouse Th1 and Th2 cells.
  • Differential protein expression analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (Reactome database).
  • Network analysis of differentially expressed proteins.

Main Results:

  • Quantification of nearly 6000 proteins, with 19 proteins significantly differentially expressed (FDR < 0.05).
  • Identification of canonical Th differentiation markers and enriched helper T cell pathways.
  • Network analysis linked differentially expressed proteins to Th1 and Th2 pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomic profiling provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of Th cell differentiation.
  • Findings support the development of targeted prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases.
  • The proteomic dataset is publicly available for further research (PRIDE identifier PXD004532).