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MORPHOLOGICAL HETEROGENEITY OF TEMPERATE ERWINIOPHAGE 59.

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    Temperate erwiniophage 59 exhibits unique morphological heterogeneity, with two distinct subpopulations differing in physical properties. This finding offers new insights into bacteriophage diversity and evolution.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Virology
    • Bacteriophage Research

    Background:

    • Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that infect bacteria.
    • Morphological heterogeneity in phage populations is uncommon and warrants further investigation.
    • Erwiniophage 59 is a temperate bacteriophage infecting Erwinia

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the morphological heterogeneity of temperate erwiniophage 59.
    • To characterize the physical and chemical properties of distinct phage subpopulations.
    • To compare the heterogeneity of erwiniophage 59 with other known bacteriophages.

    Main Methods:

    • Propagation of erwiniophage 59 on various Erwinia strains.
    • Centrifugation in cesium chloride (CsCl) gradients for density separation.
    • Electron microscopy for capsid diameter determination.
    • Restriction analysis of phage DNA.
    • Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for polypeptide analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Erwiniophage 59 population comprises two discrete, equimolar subpopulations with different buoyant densities.
    • Subpopulation II represents the authentic phage 59 (capsid diameter 55.36 nm), while subpopulation I has a smaller capsid (51.16 nm).
    • Both subpopulations share identical DNA size and restriction patterns, indicating conserved DNA packaging (headfull mechanism).
    • Subpopulation I exhibits altered polypeptide composition and different lysogenization/induction frequencies compared to the original population.

    Conclusions:

    • Temperate erwiniophage 59 displays an unprecedented form of morphological heterogeneity.
    • This heterogeneity is characterized by two subpopulations with distinct physical-chemical virion properties.
    • The observed heterogeneity in erwiniophage 59 differs significantly from that of classical coliphages like T4, P1, and the P2-P4 system.