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Related Concept Videos

Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
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Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Human Umbilical Cord and Fetal Placenta
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Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell function in modulating cell death.

Abderrahim Naji1, Benoit Favier2, Frédéric Deschaseaux3

  • 1Department of Environmental Medicine, Cooperative Medicine Unit, Research and Education Faculty, Medicine Science Cluster, Kochi Medical School (KMS), Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku City, Kochi Prefecture, 783-8505, Japan. najiab@kochi-u.ac.jp.

Stem Cell Research & Therapy
|February 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) modulate cell death in stressed cells, a key mechanism for their therapeutic benefits in inflammatory and degenerative diseases. Understanding MSC death modulation can improve cell therapy efficacy.

Keywords:
Cell deathCell functionCell therapyMesenchymal stem cell

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Isolation and Animal Serum Free Expansion of Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells MSCs and Endothelial Colony Forming Progenitor Cells ECFCs
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) show therapeutic potential for inflammatory and degenerative diseases.
  • MSC functions involve trophic, homing, and immunosuppressive activities, mediated by soluble factors and cell surface molecules.
  • Recent research highlights bioactive exchanges between MSCs and stressed cells, including organelle transfer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the essential functions of MSCs in modulating cell death in "unfit" cells.
  • To explore the modes of action by which MSCs influence cell death.
  • To outline the clinical implications of MSC-mediated cell death modulation for cell therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on MSC functions and cell death modulation.
  • Analysis of preclinical and clinical studies demonstrating MSC therapeutic effects.
  • Synthesis of findings on bioactive exchanges and their role in MSC function.

Main Results:

  • MSC death modulation is a critical biological function contributing significantly to their therapeutic effects.
  • MSCs exert their effects through paracrine actions and direct bioactive exchanges, including organelle transfer.
  • Understanding MSCs' role in cell death can enhance the consistency and efficiency of MSC-based cell therapies.

Conclusions:

  • MSC-mediated cell death modulation is a crucial mechanism underlying their therapeutic efficacy.
  • Targeting MSC death modulation pathways offers a promising strategy to optimize cell therapy for degenerative and inflammatory conditions.
  • Further research into MSC-cell death interactions is warranted to fully exploit their clinical potential.